principle
Shallow water sources on the earth's surface (generally within 1,000 meters), such as groundwater, surface rivers, lakes and oceans, absorb considerable radiation energy from the sun entering the earth, and the temperature of the water sources is generally very stable. The working principle of water source heat pump technology is to transfer heat energy from low temperature to high temperature by inputting a small amount of high-grade energy (such as electricity). The water body serves as the heat source for heat pump heating in winter and the cold source for air conditioning in summer, that is, the heat in the building is "taken out" in the summer and released into the water body. Since the temperature of the water source is low, it can efficiently take away the heat to achieve the goal of summer. The purpose of cooling the building indoors; in winter, the water source heat pump unit is used to "extract" heat energy from the water source and send it to the building for heating. [2]
Advantage
Compared with heating systems such as boilers (electricity, fuel) and air source heat pumps, water source heat pumps have obvious advantages. Boiler heating can only convert 90% to 98% of electric energy or 70% to 90% of fuel internal energy into heat for users to use. Therefore, ground source heat pumps save more than two-thirds of electric energy than electric boilers for heating. Fuel boilers save more than half of the energy; because the heat source temperature of water source heat pumps is relatively stable throughout the year, generally 10 to 25°C, its cooling and heating coefficients can reach 3.5 to 4.4. Compared with traditional air source heat pumps, It is about 40% higher, and its operating cost is 50% to 60% of that of ordinary central air conditioners. Therefore, in the past decade or so, water source heat pump air conditioning systems have achieved rapid development in North America, Central and Northern Europe and other countries. China's water source heat pump market has also become increasingly active, making this technology widely used and becoming an effective heating and cooling air conditioning technology.